| Career | |
|---|---|
| Name: | SS Armenian |
| Owner: | Leyland Line |
| Operator: | White Star Line |
| Port of registry: | Liverpool, United Kingdom |
| Route: | Liverpool to New York |
| Builder: | Harland and Wolff Belfast |
| Laid down: | 1895 |
| Launched: | 25 November 1895 |
| Maiden voyage: | 28 November 1895 |
| Out of service: | 1915 |
| Fate: | Sunk by torpedo, 28 June 1915. |
| General characteristics | |
| Displacement: | 8,825 tons |
| Length: | 156 ft 6 in (47.7 m) |
| Beam: | 18 ft 1 in (5.5 m) |
| Height: | 10 ft 7 in (3.2 m) |
| Installed power: | Quadruple expansion engines, 718 h.p., maximum speed 13 knots |
SS Armenian was an 1895-built cargo liner built for the Leyland Line, but managed by the White Star Line from 20 March 1903. She was employed on the cargo service between Liverpool and New York, with the passenger service between the two ports having been previously withdrawn. In 1910 she was repainted in the Leyland livery (a pink funnel with black top[1]).
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The Armenian was fitted out to transport horses[2] and used as a transport in the South African War, and in 1901 was used to transport 963 Boer prisoners of war to Darrell's and Burt's Islands.
The Armenian made a last sailing on 3 March 1914 before being briefly laid up prior to deployment as a horse transport to France.
Although no longer fitted as a passenger vessel, the Armenian, and the SS Turcoman, were used to transport the Grenadier Guards to Belgium on 7 October, 1914.[3]
On 28 June 1915 she was engaged by the German submarine U-24 off Trevose Head, Cornwall. After a failed attempt at escape the crew were allowed to abandon ship and the vessel was sunk by two torpedoes fired into her stern. Twenty-nine members of the mostly American crew were lost in the sinking,[4] along with the vessel's cargo of 1,400 mules.
Following on from the sinking of the RMS Lusitania, the sinking caused a second crisis to develop between Germany and the United States as the majority of the men who died were Americans. The survivors were picked up the following day by the Belgian steam trawler President Stevens, although four of the survivors later died.[5]
The 2002 discovery of the wreck[6] turned out to be incorrect, with the wreck of the auxiliary cruiser HMS Patia being misidentified by amateur divers. SS Armenain was featured on the History Channel in an episode of Deep Wreck Mysteries entitled Search for the Bone Wreck were it was successfully located and identified by the wreck hunter and archaeologist Innes McCartney.[7][8] The wreck sits upright in 95 metres of water, twenty miles from the reported sinking location.
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